Effects of inspiratory muscle training on respiratory muscle strength, respiratory function and functional capacity in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis : A randomized, controlled trial. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift BACKGROUND:Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) may impair respiratory dynamics and affect the performance of inspiratory and expiratory muscles. The benefit of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) is not well investigated in AIS. We aimed to investigate the effects of IMT on respiratory muscle strength, respiratory function and functional capacity in adolescents with mild to moderate AIS. METHODS:Thirty-six adolescents were randomized into control or IMT groups. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured by spirometry; respiratory muscle strength by maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP); and functional capacity by 6-min walk test (6MWT) before and after the 8-week-long home-based exercise program. Both groups received conventional exercise program including diaphragmatic breathing exercises, resistive local expansion exercise on the collapsed areas in concave sides of scoliosis, spinal stabilization, strengthening of interscapular muscles and stretching exercises. IMT group also trained with Threshold IMT device for 15 minutes, twice a day for 8 weeks at the intensity of 30% of initial MIP value in addition to conventional exercise program. RESULTS:FEV1, PEF, MIP, MEP and 6MWT distance significantly improved in both groups. IMT group also showed significant improvement in FVC. The increases in FVC, MIP, MEP and 6MWT distance of IMT group were significantly higher compared to control group. CONCLUSION:IMT is found to be beneficial for patients with AIS for achieving further improvements in respiratory function, respiratory muscle strength and functional capacity compared to conventional exercise program alone. 10.1007/s00508-023-02197-1

Combined effect of Schroth method and Gensingen brace on Cobb's angle and pulmonary functions in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a prospective, single blinded randomized controlled trial. European review for medical and pharmacological sciences OBJECTIVE:To detect the effect of the Schroth method added to the Gensingen brace for six months on Cobb's angle, axial rotation of the trunk, and pulmonary function in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS:The study followed a prospective, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial design following the CONSORT guidelines. The study was conducted in Health and Rehabilitation Centre. 42 males aged 10-18 years old, diagnosed with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) with curves of 35-40°, were recruited and then were allocated into three groups: Group A, Group B, and Group C. RESULTS:Significant improvement (p < 0.001) in Cobb's angle and the axial rotation of the trunk (ART) were noted after the treatment in the three groups, while pulmonary function showed better results in Group A (p < 0.001) when compared to the two other groups p ≥ 0.000). CONCLUSIONS:Six months of Schroth method added to Gensingen Brace demonstrate favorable results in Cobb's angle, thoracic trunk rotation angle, and pulmonary function in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. 10.26355/eurrev_202301_31061

Effects of Core Stabilization Exercises on Pulmonary Function, Respiratory Muscle Strength, Peripheral Muscle Strength, Functional Capacity, and Perceived Appearance in Children With Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of core stabilization exercises on pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, peripheral muscle strength, walking capacity, and perceived appearance in children with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. DESIGN:This is an evaluator-blinded, randomized controlled trial. A total of 30 patients were randomly allocated to either a training group (n = 15, age = 13.8 ± 2.8 yrs, Cobb angle = 19.3 ± 6 degrees, Risser sign: n(1) = 1; n(2-4) = 14) or a control group (n = 15, age = 15.8 ± 3.4 yrs, Cobb angle = 20.8 ± 7.9 degrees, Risser sign: n(1) = 1; n(2-4) = 14). The training group received core stabilization exercises in addition to the traditional scoliosis exercises for 8 wks. The control group only received the traditional scoliosis exercises for 8 wks. Spirometry, maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures, 6-min walking test, peripheral muscle strength, and the Walter Reed Visual Assessment Scale were assessed at the beginning and end of the study. RESULTS:The training group showed statistically significant improvements in maximal inspiratory pressure, maximum expiratory pressure, and Walter Reed Visual Assessment Scale score (respectively, mean changes = 17.4 ± 5.2 cmH2O; 10.6 ± 4.3 cmH2O; 2.4 ± 1.6), which were significantly larger compared with the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Core stabilization exercises given in addition to the traditional scoliosis exercise can improve respiratory muscle strength and perceived appearance in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. TO CLAIM CME CREDITS:Complete the self-assessment activity and evaluation online at http://www.physiatry.org/JournalCME. CME OBJECTIVES:Upon completion of this article, the reader should be able to: (1) Determine the evaluation methods required for scoliosis patients; (2) Evaluate respiratory parameters in scoliosis patients; and (3) Plan and implement an exercise program for scoliosis patients. LEVEL:Advanced. ACCREDITATION:The Association of Academic Physiatrists is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians.The Association of Academic Physiatrists designates this Journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. 10.1097/PHM.0000000000001984