Ocular complications in renal transplant patients.
Matsunami C,Hilton A F,Dyer J A,Rumbach O W,Hardie I R
Australian and New Zealand journal of ophthalmology
One hundred and seventy-six patients who received a renal transplant between 1982 and 1988 were examined for ocular complications of steroid therapy. Posterior subcapsular cataracts (PSC) were present in 60 patients (34.1%). Patients were classified into three groups (HS, LS, NoS) depending on their maintenance immunosuppression therapy. The HS group received high doses of steroids after renal transplantation. LS had low steroid doses, and NoS had no steroids. The incidence of PSC was 21 of 38 in HS (55.3%), 33 of 117 in LS (28.2%), and 1 of 16 in NoS (6.2%). The difference between HS and LS was statistically significant (chi 2 = 8.1, P < 0.01). Grading the severity of PSC (PSC 0, PSC +, PSC > ++) showed a significant correlation between the degree of PSC and the steroid therapy. In the HS group, five patients had PSC +, and 16 had PSC > ++ (76%), compared to 19 patients with PSC +, 14 patients with PSC > ++ (42%) in the LS group (chi 2 = 4.6; P < 0.05). There was no correlation between the incidence of PSC and use of steroids for more than three months before dialysis. Comparison with the results of our earlier series (1973-1981) using high doses of steroids showed a similar incidence of PSC with HS (40.7% Series 1; 55.3% Series 2) but a lower incidence with LS and NoS.
10.1111/j.1442-9071.1994.tb01696.x
Ocular findings in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing haemodialysis.
Vrabec Romano,Vatavuk Zoran,Pavlović Drasko,Sesar Antonio,Cala Svjetlana,Mandić Kresimir,Bućan Kajo
Collegium antropologicum
The aim of this paper was to evaluate the ocular findings in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) undergoing haemodialysis (HD). In 64 patients undergoing haemodialysis (30 female and 34 male), aged 24-83 years (mean 58 years) on haemodialysis 1-213 months (mean 47 months) complete ocular examination were performed: visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP), biomicroscopic examination and fundoscopy. On right eye sixty-nine percent of patents had VA 0.6 or better, and on left eye 84% of patients had VA 0.6 or better. Mean IOP before dialysis was 15 mmHg and after dialysis was 14 mmHg. In 9 patients (14%) we found corneo-conjunctival calcium deposits. No correlation of ocular calcification and parathyroid hormone (PTH) level or calcium and phosphate product were observed. 39 (60%) patients had cataract. Hypertensive vascular changes were seen in 44 (68%) patients and in 6 (7%) patients age-related macular degeneration. Seven patients had diabetes mellitus and in 5 diabetic retinopathy was observed. Patients with CRF or who are receiving HD represent unique group of patients. Pathologic change could be found in many tissue and organs, therefore we suggest ocular examination more frequently in dialysis patients.
Effect of hemodialysis on intraocular pressure and ocular perfusion pressure.
Hu Jennifer,Bui Kelly M,Patel Kevin H,Kim Hajwa,Arruda Jose A L,Wilensky Jacob T,Vajaranant Thasarat S
JAMA ophthalmology
IMPORTANCE:Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and decreased ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) are risk factors for glaucoma development and progression. Unrecognized significant IOP elevation or OPP reduction during hemodialysis (HD) could lead to glaucomatous optic nerve damage and subsequent visual loss. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate changes in IOP and OPP during HD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in patients undergoing HD at an ambulatory care clinic at the University of Illinois at Chicago. EXPOSURES:Forty-nine patients (97 eyes) undergoing HD were enrolled. Exclusion criteria included preexisting corneal abnormalities, history of corneal surgery, allergy to topical anesthetic agents, and current eye infection. Nine patients had previous diagnoses of open-angle glaucoma (OAG) or suspected glaucoma. At 3 time points, IOP was measured using a pneumatonometer and blood pressure was recorded. Measurements were made with the patient in a seated position approximately 15 minutes before starting HD (T1), approximately 2 hours after starting HD (T2), and approximately 15 minutes after ending HD (T3). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and OPP (systolic, diastolic, and mean OPP) were calculated. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:Intraocular pressure and OPP. RESULTS:From T1 to T3, IOP significantly increased by 3.1 mm Hg (both eyes, P < .001), MAP significantly decreased by 5.8 mm Hg (P = .05), and all OPP measures significantly decreased from baseline (all P ≤ .02). Using previously reported thresholds of increased glaucoma development and progression risk, 53% of the right eyes (26 of 49) and 46% of the left eyes (22 of 48) had a systolic OPP of 101 mm Hg or less, 71% of the right eyes (35 of 49) and 73% of the left eyes (35 of 48) had a diastolic OPP of 55 mm Hg or less, and 63% of the right eyes (31 of 49) and 65% of the left eyes (31 of 48) had a mean OPP of 42 mm Hg or less. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:Significantly increased IOP and decreased OPP occur during HD, bringing both to levels that increase the risk of glaucoma development and progression. Clinicians should consider HD history in patients who have glaucoma progression, even when IOP has been well controlled. Such patients may benefit from IOP and blood pressure monitoring during HD sessions to minimize OPP changes resulting from IOP spikes and/or suboptimal blood pressure.
10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.5599
Intraocular pressure changes during hemodialysis.
Liakopoulos Vassilios,Demirtzi Paraskevi,Mikropoulos Dimitrios G,Leivaditis Konstantinos,Dounousi Evangelia,Konstas Anastasios G P
International urology and nephrology
The response of intraocular pressure (IOP) to hemodialysis procedure has been a subject of research throughout many decades. Several studies that evaluated the impact of hemodialysis (HD) on IOP have reported conflicting results and have drawn varied conclusions. Some studies have described an IOP elevation during HD, a finding they attributed to the osmotic disequilibrium between serum and aqueous humor induced by the HD procedure, especially when the facility of the outflow system is already compromised. On the other hand, several studies have reported a significant IOP decrease during HD. The majority of these studies supported the notion that the increase in plasma colloid pressure induced by fluid removal during the HD session is the underlying cause of decreased IOP. Finally, recent investigations did not establish a significant change in IOP measurements during HD. They have therefore suggested that improved dialysis techniques, such as high-flux HD, or hemofiltration and better urea control, maintain better osmolar balance and prevent a marked IOP elevation. Nevertheless, specific preventive measures are still necessary in HD patients with ocular pathologies (e.g., glaucoma) whose vision may be adversely influenced by significant IOP fluctuation.
10.1007/s11255-015-1043-8
Evaluation of Intraocular Pressure by Ocular Response Analyzer in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis.
Yuksel Nilay,Duru Necati,Uz Ebru,Mutlu Melek,Altinkaynak Hasan,Ozen Umut,Turkyilmaz Mustafa,Cagil Nurullah
Journal of glaucoma
PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical parameters of the cornea and intraocular pressure (IOP) before and after hemodialysis (HD) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and also healthy subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Twenty-one patients with ESRD undergoing HD treatment (study group) and 21 healthy individuals (control group) were enrolled in this prospective study. Right eyes of each subjects were included. Central corneal thickness (CCT) were measured using Sirius Scheimpflug camera. Corneal hysteresis (CH), corneal resistance factor (CRF), corneal-compensated IOP (IOPcc), and Goldmann-related IOP (IOPg) were measured using ocular response analyzer. In the study group, measurements were taken just before HD and 30 minutes after HD. RESULTS:The mean CCT, CRF, IOPg values did not differ between pre-HD, post-HD, and controls (P > 0.05). CH was found to be significantly higher in control group (10.6 ± 1.2 mm Hg) when compared with pre-HD (8.07 ± 1.8 mm Hg) and post-HD (8.8 ± 1.6 mm Hg) CH values (P = 0.0001). The mean IOPcc values did not differ pre-HD (18.5 ± 3.5 mm Hg) and post-HD (17.8 ± 3.9 mm Hg) (P = 0.39). The mean IOPcc values were lower significantly in control group (15.4 ± 2.8 mm Hg) when compared with pre-HD and post-HD values (P = 0.02 and 0.02, respectively). Significant correlations were seen between post-HD CRF and post-HD CCT (r = 0.6, P = 0.03); and post-HD IOPg and post-HD CCT (r = 0.51, P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS:ESRD may disrupt the biomechanical properties of the cornea. Changes in ocular response analyzer parameters should be kept in mind to evaluate accurate IOP measurements in patients with ESRD.
10.1097/IJG.0000000000000364
Changes of serum calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone concentrations and ocular findings among patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Pakdel Farzad,Samimagham Hamidreza,Shafaroodi Amin,Sheikhvatan Mehrdad
Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation : an official publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia
There are various reports of ocular abnormalities in metabolic disorders. This study was done with the aim to investigate the relationships between the amounts of serum calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone concentrations and ocular findings in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Fifty eight patients with end stage renal failure undergoing hemodialysis were randomly selected and enrolled in this prospective study. Demographic data, history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension, and duration of hemodialysis were recorded. Serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations were measured. Also, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and weight of the patient was measured just before and three minutes after the hemodialysis. Patients also underwent a complete ocular examination including visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), biomicroscopic examination, and fundoscopy. In univariate analysis, adverse relationships were found between the ocular hypertension and ALP concentration (P = 0.017) and also between the visual acuity and phosphorus concentration (P = 0.033). However, in multivariate regression analysis and with regard to the patients' characteristics and medical history in a multivariate model, no relationships were found between ocular findings and serum calcium, phosphorus, ALP, and PTH concentrations. No relationships were found between the serum concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, ALP, and PTH and ocular findings in patients with end stage renal failure undergoing hemodialysis.
Changes of choroidal thickness, intraocular pressure and other optical coherence tomographic parameters after haemodialysis.
Yang Sung Jae,Han Yang Hee,Song Gyoung Il,Lee Chung Hyun,Sohn Sae Woon
Clinical & experimental optometry
BACKGROUND:The aim was to evaluate changes in choroidal thickness, intraocular pressure (IOP) and other parameters of optical coherence tomography, such as central foveal thickness (CFT), macular volume, peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness after haemodialysis (HD). METHODS:Thirty-four eyes of 34 chronic renal failure patients (9 eyes with diabetic patients) who underwent haemodialysis in the Dialysis Unit of Gangneung Asan Hospital were included. CFT, macular volume, peripapillary RNFL and choroidal thickness were measured before and after haemodialysis by optical coherence tomography (OCT, Spectralis; Heidelberg Engineering). Changes in the IOP were evaluated with Goldmann applanation tonometry before and after haemodialysis. RESULTS:The average choroidal thickness decreased significantly, from 233.1 ± 77.5 μm to 219.1 ± 76.8 μm (paired t-test, p < 0.001). This change correlated with the amount of body weight lost (Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.348, p = 0.044). The mean IOP decreased from 15.1 ± 2.6 mmHg to 13.9 ± 2.2 mmHg after haemodialysis (paired t-test, p = 0.03). The change in macular volume and the small decrease in CFT (214.0 ± 21.0 μm to 213.8 ± 21.8 μm) were not significant. The measured overall change in RNFL thickness from 93.6 ± 15.5 μm to 94.7 ± 14.6 μm was not significant. CONCLUSIONS:Haemodialysis can affect various ocular parameters, particularly choroidal thickness and IOP.
10.1111/cxo.12056
Optical coherence tomography angiography analysis of changes in the retina and the choroid after haemodialysis.
Scientific reports
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of haemodialysis on perfused vessel density, choroidal thickness (CT), and retinal thickness in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA). We studied twenty-nine eyes of 29 ESRD patients by ophthalmologic examination and SS-OCTA before and after haemodialysis. The colour-coded perfusion density maps were generated and perfused vessel density was calculated. Changes in systemic and other ocular parameters such as retinal and choroidal thickness were measured and analysed. Total perfused vessel density decreased significantly after haemodialysis in the choriocapillaris; it was not significantly different in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and the deep capillary plexus (DCP). Total CT decreased significantly, but total retinal thickness was not significantly different. There was no significant correlation between choriocapillaris perfused vessel density and CT. The reduction in choriocapillaris perfused vessel density correlated with the decrease in systolic and mean arterial blood pressures. The decrease in CT correlated with the ultrafiltration volume. There were no significant systemic and ocular factors affecting change in retinal thickness and perfused vessel density of SCP and DCP. This is the first study to assess the effect of haemodialysis on blood flow changes using SS-OCTA; changes may be more prominent in the choroidal compared to the retinal layer.
10.1038/s41598-018-35562-6
Effect of hemodialysis (HD) on intraocular pressure, ocular surface, and macular change in patients with chronic renal failure. Effect of hemodialysis on the ophthalmologic findings.
Jung Ji Won,Yoon Myung Hun,Lee Seoung Woo,Chin Hee Seung
Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie
BACKGROUND:The main objective of hemodialysis (HD) is to correct the excessive accumulation and abnormal distribution of body fluid. Therefore, changes in the systemic hemodynamic parameters and in the ocular fluid volume and composition can occur during a single HD session. The aim of this study is to evaluate the short-term changes in the ophthalmologic findings after HD. METHODS:Thirty eyes of 30 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) undergoing HD were analyzed. The subjects were categorized into two groups according to the cause of CRF. Detailed ophthalmologic examinations were performed immediately before and after HD. The relationships between the systemic hemodynamic changes and the ophthalmologic changes during a single HD session were evaluated. RESULTS:The results show that a body fluid correction after HD involves a change in the plasma colloid osmotic pressure. The mean intraocular pressure (IOP) decreased after HD with a mean decrease of 2.4 ± 2.1 mmHg and the central corneal thickness decreased with a mean change of 6.9 ± 5.4 μm. After HD, the ocular surface changed significantly; the tear break-up time (TBUT) and basal tear secretion (Schirmer's test) decreased, whereas the keratoepitheliopathy score increased. The macular thickness measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) decreased after HD. The mean decrease in the central subfield thickness was 7.4 ± 9.9 μm. The ocular surface changes after HD affected the visual acuity and examination quality. A significant correlation was found between the changes in the systemic hemodynamic parameters and those in the ophthalmologic findings, except for the retinal thickness. CONCLUSIONS:The changes in the ophthalmologic findings after HD were consistent and significant in all CRF subjects. These changes correlated with the increase in plasma colloid osmotic pressure. HD can correct the volume and composition of ocular fluid. Therefore, it can affect the ophthalmologic findings in a short period of time. In addition, for good examination quality, it is recommended that an ophthalmologic examination in CRF patients be performed on a non-dialysis day or prior to HD on a dialysis day. Furthermore, for accurate comparison of examination results, the time interval from an HD session to an ophthalmologic examination must be considered.
10.1007/s00417-012-2032-6
CHANGES IN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY FINDINGS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE UNDERGOING DIALYSIS FOR THE FIRST TIME.
Hwang Hyeseong,Chae Ju Byung,Kim Jin Young,Moon Byung Gil,Kim Dong Yoon
Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.)
PURPOSE:To investigate the spectral domain optical coherence tomography findings before and after dialysis in patients with diabetic end-stage renal disease undergoing dialysis for the first time. METHODS:A retrospective medical review of patients with diabetic end-stage renal disease who recently started dialysis was conducted. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography findings before and after initiation of dialysis were analyzed. Systemic blood pressure, body weight, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and serum levels of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine (Cr), albumin, hemoglobin (Hb), and total CO2 were measured before and 1 month after starting dialysis. The correlations between the changes in these variables and the degree of decrease of the central subfield thickness after initiation of dialysis were analyzed. RESULTS:A total 26 eyes from 15 patients were included. Among them, 14 started hemodialysis, and 1 started peritoneal dialysis. After initiation of dialysis, the incidence of any macular edema significantly decreased from 69.2% (18/26) to 26.9% (7/26) (P = 0.001). The central subfield thickness (317.92 ± 91.41 vs. 287.77 ± 57.55 μm, P = 0.006) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (313.31 ± 85.89 vs. 288.81 ± 92.02; P = 0.024) also significantly decreased. Improvement in blood urea nitrogen, Cr, Hb, and total CO2 levels in serum and estimated glomerular filtration rate was observed. A significant positive correlation between the amount of central subfield thickness decrease and the decrease in serum blood urea nitrogen was found (Pearson correlation coefficient: 0.481, P = 0.013). CONCLUSION:Macular edema and central subfield thickness significantly decreased after initiation of dialysis in patients with diabetic chronic renal failure without any ocular treatment. This may be related to the improvement in uremia and volume overload after the initiation of dialysis.
10.1097/IAE.0000000000002312
Changes in retina and choroid after haemodialysis assessed using optical coherence tomography angiography.
Zhang Yu,Weng Huan,Li Qingjian,Wang Zhiliang
Clinical & experimental optometry
BACKGROUND:Reports of choroidal and retinal changes before and after haemodialysis are few and have been controversial. Traditional imaging modalities are insufficient for quantitative assessment. This study aims to use optical coherence tomography angiography to monitor the short-term vascular density and thickness changes in retina and choroid before and after haemodialysis. METHODS:Seventy-seven eyes of 77 patients with end-stage kidney disease undergoing haemodialysis were included. Ophthalmologic examinations including optical coherence tomography angiography were performed one hour before and after haemodialysis. The vascular density of retina and choroid were measured and calculated by optical coherence tomography angiography. The retinal thickness and subfoveal choroidal thickness were measured manually using Image J software. The relationships between the changes in ocular and systemic parameters after haemodialysis were evaluated. RESULTS:The systolic blood pressure decreased from 123.7 ± 19.7 to 116.9 ± 24.6 mmHg (p < 0.05) in all patients. The mean ocular perfusion pressure decreased significantly after haemodialysis in both diabetic and non-diabetic groups (p < 0.05). Mean retinal thickness decreased from 204.7 ± 22.4 μm to 200.8 ± 22.8 μm (p < 0.05) after haemodialysis in all patients. The vascular density of outer retina was decreased from 38.8 ± 5.5 per cent to 37.5 ± 3.4 per cent (p < 0.05) after haemodialysis in all patients. The changes in diastolic blood pressure, intraocular pressure, subfoveal choroidal thickness, vascular density of the superficial capillary plexus, deep capillary plexus and choriocapillaris were insignificant. There was no significant correlation between systolic blood pressure and the vascular density of the outer retina. CONCLUSION:In optical coherence tomography angiography, the retinal thickness became thinner and the vascular density in the outer retina decreased after haemodialysis in patients with end-stage kidney disease. The change of subfoveal choroidal thickness showed no significance after haemodialysis. The decreased volume in the retinal vascular bed and deficient choroidal autoregulatory control of ocular blood flow might be involved in the mechanism of these changes.
10.1111/cxo.12660
Evaluation of changes in choroidal thickness and the choroidal vascularity index after hemodialysis in patients with end-stage renal disease by using swept-source optical coherence tomography.
Medicine
To evaluate the effect of hemodialysis on choroidal thickness and the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) by using swept-source optical coherence tomography.Thirty-two eyes of 32 patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis were recruited prospectively. Detailed ophthalmologic examinations and swept-source optical coherence tomography were performed immediately before and after hemodialysis. Choroidal thickness maps were generated automatically by using built-in software. The CVI was calculated using binarized choroidal optical coherence tomography images. Systemic parameters such as body weight and blood pressure were also measured. The changes in systemic and ocular parameters during hemodialysis were evaluated. Subjects were divided into 2 groups (diabetes mellitus [DM] vs non-diabetes mellitus) for subgroup analysis.Total choroidal thickness showed a significant overall decrease after hemodialysis (-10.9 ± 14.0, P <.001). In the subgroup analysis, total choroidal thickness significantly decreased in both patients with DM (-11.3 ± 13.6, P = .004) and those without (-10.6 ± 14.9, P = .020), but the reduction of choroidal thickness was observed in more subfields in patients with DM than in those without. The CVI did not significantly change after hemodialysis (P = .717). No significant systemic and ocular factors affected the changes in total choroidal thicknesses.Choroidal thickness significantly decreased after hemodialysis in most subfields regardless of the presence of DM. Peri-hemodialysis choroidal changes could be considered in the management of patients with ESRD. Swept-source optical coherence tomography can provide ample and reliable quantitative data for monitoring ocular hemodynamic changes.
10.1097/MD.0000000000015421
Ocular changes during hemodialysis in patients with end-stage renal disease.
Chen Hejun,Zhang Xi,Shen Xi
BMC ophthalmology
BACKGROUND:To explore ocular changes during hemodialysis (HD) in chronic renal failure patients and to determine the effects of different causes of renal failure during HD. METHODS:A total of 90 eyes from 45 end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing HD were evaluated in this study. All ophthalmological examinations were conducted within 1 h before and after a single HD session. The HD patients were divided into primary kidney disease (KD), hypertensive KD, diabetic KD (DM-KD) and unknown etiology subgroups according to the primary etiology of renal failure. The statistics of 38 eyes from 19 healthy people were set as normal control. RESULTS:Tear break-up time (TBUT) (P = 0.020), Schirmer's I test results (P = 0.030), anterior chamber depth (ACD) (P = 0.006), lens thickness (LT) (P < 0.001) and choroidal thickness (CHT) (P < 0.001)decreased significantly after a single HD. The retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and average retinal thickness (RT) increased after HD, especially in the nasal inner macula (NIM) subfield (P < 0.001), the inferior inner macula (IIM) subfield (P = 0.004) and the superior outer macula (SOM) subfield (P = 0.012). TBUT, Schirmer's I test, IOP, RT, and CHT were correlated with one or more parameters. All ESRD patients regardless of etiology had the same trend for most parameters during HD, with the exception of the logMAR of BCVA, central corneal thickness, RNFL thickness and CHT. CONCLUSIONS:HD may affect a range of ocular parameters in ESRD patients. Dry eye parameters, RT and CHT exhibited the most obvious changes. Different etiologies tended to have similar trends in ocular parameter changes during HD.
10.1186/s12886-018-0885-0
The effect of hemodialysis on ocular changes in patients with the end-stage renal disease.
Sun Guijiang,Hao Rui,Zhang Longli,Shi Xueying,Hei Kaiwen,Dong Lijie,Wei Fang,Jiang Aili,Li Bo,Li Xiaorong,Ke Yifeng
Renal failure
Numerous metabolic parameters can be changed during hemodialysis in the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) caused by systemic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension. Some ocular parameters also can be variable due to the changes after hemodialysis. This study evaluates the effects of ocular parameters, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), central macular thickness (CMT), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), retinal arteriolar caliber (RAC), retinal venular calibre (RVC), in ESRD patients following hemodialysis. Two-hundred and two ESRD patients were recruited resulting in 404 eyes evaluations. All patients underwent hemodialysis in the Dialysis Unit of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University. BCVA, CMT, IOP, SFCT, RAC and RVC were evaluated before and after hemodialysis. Systemic parameters were collected such as age, body weight, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), duration of hemodialysis, body weight changes, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDLC), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). The causes of ESRD patients included chronic glomerulonephritis ( = 65), diabetes mellitus ( = 60), hypertensive nephrosclerosis ( = 37), and other causes ( = 40). In our study, BCVA ( = .817), CMT ( = .252) and IOP ( = .978) did not significantly change after hemodialysis. SFCT significantly decreased from 254.29 ± 69.36 μm to 235.54 ± 659.90 μm ( = .002) following hemodialysis. SFCT changes were significantly correlated with SBP ( = .042) and body weight changes ( = .044). The RAC and RVC were dilated significantly ( = .033, = .007). RVC changes were correlated with baseline DBP ( = .003), HDLC ( = .009), LDLC ( = .004) and changes in DBP ( = .037) and body weight ( = .001). Hemodialysis can affect various ocular parameters including SFCT, RAC and RVC, which changed significantly following hemodialysis. Whereas BCVA, IOP and CMT did not change after hemodialysis in ESRD patients. The systemic compensatory mechanisms of the changes in SBP, DBP, body weight following hemodialysis need further study.
10.1080/0886022X.2019.1635494