Association Between Low Muscle Mass and Prognosis of Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Kim Chi-Hoon,Rhee Tae-Min,Woo Park Kyung,Soon Park Chan,Kang Jeehoon,Han Jung-Kyu,Yang Han-Mo,Kang Hyun-Jae,Koo Bon-Kwon,Kim Hyo-Soo Journal of the American Heart Association Background Low muscle mass has been associated with poor prognosis in certain chronic diseases, but its clinical significance in patients with coronary artery disease is unclear. We assessed the clinical significance of 2 easily measured surrogate markers of low muscle mass: the ratio of serum creatinine to serum cystatin C (Scr/Scys), and the ratio of estimated glomerular filtration rate by Scys to Scr (eGFRcys/eGFRcr). Methods and Results Patients with coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention were prospectively enrolled from a single tertiary center, and Scr and Scys levels were simultaneously measured at admission. Best cut-off values for Scr/Scys and eGFRcys/eGFRcr to discriminate 3-year mortality were determined; 1.0 for men and 0.8 for women in Scr/Scys, and 1.1 for men and 1.0 for women in eGFRcys/eGFRcr. The prognostic values on 3-year mortality and the additive values of 2 markers on the predictive model were compared. In 1928 patients enrolled (mean age 65.2±9.9 years, 70.8% men), the risk of 3-year mortality increased proportionally according to the decrease of the surrogate markers. Both Scr/Scys- and eGFRcys/eGFRcr-based low muscle mass groups showed significantly higher risk of death, after adjusting for possible confounders. They also increased predictive power of the mortality prediction model. Low Scr/Scys values were associated with high mortality rate in patients who were ≥65 years, nonobese, male, had renal dysfunction at baseline, and presented with acute myocardial infarction. Conclusions Serum surrogate markers of muscle mass, Scr/Scys, and eGFRcys/eGFRcr may have clinical significance for detecting patients with coronary artery disease at high risk for long-term mortality. 10.1161/JAHA.120.018554

Evaluation of the significance of cystatin C levels in patients suffering from coronary artery disease. Negrusz-Kawecka Marta,Poręba Rafał,Hulok Anna,Sciborski Krzysztof,Marczak Jakub,Bańkowski Tomasz Advances in clinical and experimental medicine : official organ Wroclaw Medical University OBJECTIVES:Cystatin C is a novel marker used in the diagnosis of preclinical chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of the study was to assess the role of cystatin C in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS:The study involved 63 patients of a mean age of 62.7 ± 9.5 years. The population was divided into two groups: Group I were patients with angiographically diagnosed coronary artery disease (CAD) with their first acute coronary syndrome (ACS, n = 45); Group II were patients who had clinically diagnosed coronary disease but were negative on angiography (n = 18). Cystatin C levels were measured before angiography in both groups; in Group I they were also measured 6 months after discharge. RESULTS:Cystatin C levels were significantly higher in Group I (p = 0.01), and this depended on the type of CAD: non-ACS, non-ST elevated myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) or ST elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) (p = 0.01). Cystatin C levels correlated inversely with the left ventricular ejection fraction in the whole study population (p = 0.003) and in patients with NSTEMI (p = 0.03). A high cystatin C level was found to be a risk factor for ACS (OR: 1.002 95% CI [1.00029-1.004], p = 0.02) and STEMI (OR: 1.0009 95% CI [0.99-1.002], p = 0.04) but not for NSTEMI (OR: 0.99 95% CI [0.99-1.0], p = 0.21. A ROC analysis revealed that there is a significantly higher risk of ACS above a cystatin C level of 727.85 ng/mL (OR: 5.5 CI [1.65-18.3], p = 0.004) and a significantly higher risk of STEMI above 915.22 ng/mL (OR: 5.9 CI [1.7-19.7], p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS:The available data suggest that a high cystatin C level is a risk factor for ACS and STEMI. This could play an important role in the early diagnosis and prevention of adverse cardiovascular events. 10.17219/acem/37222