Immunological modulation effects of an acid Epimedium polysaccharide on immune response in chickens. Qin Tao,Ren Zhe,Yi Lei,Liu Xiaopan,Luo Yang,Long Yao,Peng Song,Li Jian,Ma Yufang,Wu Yi,Huang Yifan International immunopharmacology The purpose of the present study is to investigate the immunological activities of EPS-1 in the non-specific immune response and specific immune response of chickens. In vitro, the results showed that EPS-1 could increase the proliferation and cytokine secretion (IL-2, IL-4, IFN-γ and TNF-α) of spleen lymphocytes, expression of key surface molecules (MHC II, CD11c, CD40 and CD86) and cytokine secretion (TNF-α and IL-10) of matured chBM-DCs, phagocytic rate of matured chBM-DCs, and enhance the maturation and stimulating capacity of chBM-DCs. In vivo, EPS-1 could also prompt the HI antibody titer, boost the peripheral lymphocyte proliferation, enhance the release of cytokine products in blood (IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-2) and duodenum (IL-17 and sIgA) of chickens. These results indicated that EPS-1 may have the potential as a powerful immune adjuvant in the treatment of chicken diseases. 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.02.009

Development and Validation of a HPLC-MS/MS Method for Simultaneous Determination of Twelve Bioactive Compounds in : Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study in Rats. Sun Mengjie,Yin Yanwei,Wei Juan,Chen Xiaopeng,Ouyang Huizi,Chang Yanxu,Gao Xiumei,He Jun Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) A rapid and reliable HPLC-MS/MS method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of twelve bioactive compounds (baohuoside II, baohuoside I, sagittatoside A, sagittatoside B, magnoflorine, epimedin A, epimedin B, epimedin C, chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid and icariin) in rat plasma. The collected plasma samples were prepared by protein precipitate with acetonitrile. The twelve compounds were separated on a CORTECSC18 column (4.6 mm × 150 mm, 2.7 μm) with a gradient mobile phase system of 0.1% (/) formic acid and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. All of the analytes were quantitated using electrospray ionization (ESI) in negative ion mode with selected reaction monitoring (SRM). The intra- and inter-day accuracy ranged from -5.6% to 13.0%, and the precisions of the analytes were less than 10.9%. The mean recoveries of the analytes were in the range of 60.66% to 99.77% and the matrix effect ranged from 93.08% to 119.84%. Stability studies proved that the analytes were stable under the tested conditions, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) lower than 11.7%. The developed method was successfully applied to evaluating the pharmacokinetic study of twelve bioactive compounds after oral administration of extract in rat. 10.3390/molecules23061322